The Prediction of Problem-Solving Styles based on the Dimensions of Self-Differentiation in Substance-Dependent Individuals

Objective: The present study was conducted to predict problem-solving styles based on the dimensions of self-differentiation in substance-dependent individuals. Method: This research was of descriptive-correlational type, and its statistical population included substance-dependent males and females who referred to the addiction treatment centers in the city of Arak in 2020. The study sample consisted of 270 people selected by convenience sampling method. The research tool was the self-differentiation questionnaire and the problem-solving Strategies scale. The data were analyzed with Pearson's correlation coefficient and stepwise regression analysis. Results: The results showed that the dimensions of self-differentiation were significantly related to the problem-solving styles in substance-dependent individuals. Also, regression analysis indicated that mixing with others could predict creativity styles and self-confidence. In addition, emotional breakdown explained approach and helplessness styles. In addition, the emotional reaction in the second step could predict creativity and approach styles. Emotional reaction also predicted the restraint style, but the position of the self could not predict any of the problem-solving styles. Conclusion: According to these findings, the level of self-differentiation plays a significant role in predicting ways of coping with problems and events of daily life in substance-dependent individuals. For this reason, it is necessary to include measures to improve the level of differentiation in addiction prevention programs for children and adolescents, as well as in the treatment of substance-dependent individuals.